ABSTRACT
Background: Congenital cataracts present very important ophthalmological and socio economic problem. It is one of the causes of blindness continuous to receive emphasis as a school health problem throughout the world. Aim: Clinical evaluation and visual outcome following surgery in congenital cataract. Materials and methods: It was a clinical study on the patients who have attended out-patient department of Ophthalmology for a period for a period of 2 year. 50 cases under the age of 12 years who were operated by SICS with PCIOL (PMMA) and Phaco with foldable IOLs were included in study. All the cases were followed for a period of 3 months. Results: Among the 50 cases, positive family history of congenital cataract was present in 6%. Systemic and ocular abnormalities were present in 3 (6%) and 10 (20%) cases of congenital cataract. Majority of children presented with visual acuity of PL. Majority of children got vision between 6/36 to 6/24. 48% presented with total cataract followed by lamellar cataract 36%. Most of the children had amblyopia followed by squint and optic atrophy. Most of the intra operative complications were posterior capsular rupture followed by premature rupture, hyphema and iridodialysis. Posterior capsular opacification was common followed by iritis, shallow AC and corneal edema. IOL implantation was done in 90% of congenital cataract cases and in 5 % of cases secondary IOL is implanted. Mean IOL power calculated was + 18.00D. Conclusion: Early diagnosis and meticulous management of congenital cataract may give satisfactory vision with minimal complications.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Infective Keratitis is most common cause of corneal blindness in Rural India. Agricultural farmers are more at risk. Fungi and Bacteria are the main cause for this ocular ailment. Early diagnosis and treatment may prevent the corneal blindness. Aim: To evaluate common etiological factors causing Infective Keratitis in the region of Northern Telangana. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted at Tertiary Eye Care Hospital, Regional Eye Hospital, Warangal, Telangana State. Fifty patients were admitted with infective keratitis were clinically evaluated. Each case was analysed and results were recorded as per etiology, clinical symptoms and signs, complications and visual outcome. Results: Age group greater than 40 years (58%) were more common with male predominance (54%) was observed. People living rural area (72%) were affected more than urban areas. Agricultural labour (52%) was mostly seen with infective keratitis. Most of the cases were with trauma (62%) with vegetative matter was mostly seen. Most of the cases were acute (78%) in origin. Fungi were most common organism isolated from the cultures. Staphylococcus and Streptococcus (62%) were common species isolated from bacterial origin and they were antibiotic sensitive (92%). Aspergillous was common fungus isolated Diffuse Corneal ulcer was most common complication. Malnutrition was main cause in systemic illness. Most of the patients before treatment were with no passage of light after treatment visual acuity has prognosis to 6/18 vision. Conclusion: Early diagnosis and treatment may improve the visual prognosis and prevent Corneal blindness due to Infective Keratitis.